Can two solar panels power a whole house?


June 30th, 2009

Can two solar panels power a whole house? My house has two bedrooms, two bathrooms, air conditioning, electric kitchen appliances, a 24" TV, and a computer.

I'm sorry to tell you that the answer is no. I've lived off the grid for 15 years and solar panels have come a long way. Even with the most expensive solar panels on the market, you would need about 15 solar panels and a dozen or so deep cycle batteries. If you live in the desert or any environment where you really need to run your air conditioning a lot, then you will need even more. Your air conditioner is the most power hungry "appliance" in your home.

You may want to use solar panels to power your whole house excluding the air conditioner. For your air conditioner, switch it over to gas.

Also, if you work during the day, leave your air conditioner off. In this case, your solar panel system that is powering your whole house is generating power and making your meter run backwards as you are selling the energy during the day back to the power company. Then when you get home at night, you buy energy from them when you turn your AC on.

You should be able to cut your bill by 75% or more doing this as long as you don't live in too hot a climate and thus don't have to run your AC that much at night.

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How do solar powered houses store energy for nighttime/rainy/bad weather days?


November 30th, 2008

I was wondering how solar powered houses store energy when the sun is not out? What is the device called that actually stores the energy?

That all depends on how you are collecting solar energy.

If you are using solar panels that convert sunlight into electricity, then the energy is stored in what are called deep cycle batteries. It takes a few of these batteries wired together. All the batteries you have wired together that store electricity are called a battery bank.

Your battery bank will store electricity so that you can use that electricity when there is no sun.

If you are using a solar heater that heats water, then the hot water is stored in insulated tanks that you can use later when the sun is not out.

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Build Your Own Solar Power System Instructions


November 28th, 2008

This article will teach you the basics of solar power for producing your own electricity.

It is easy to confuse solar power for the production of electricity, with solar to produce heat. They are different topics. Solar power uses photovoltaic cells to produce electricity called solar panels or PV panels. These panels release electricity when sunlight strikes them. In contrast, a solar heater uses the sun to actually heat water or air flowing through it and it has nothing to do with electricity and PV panels.

Solar panels are pointed at solar south in the northern hemisphere and solar north in the southern hemisphere. Solar north and solar south are a little different than magnetic compass north and south.

The sun strikes the PV panels which creates an eletrical charge which is directed to the output terminals which product DC (direct current) somewhere between 6 and 24 volts depending on the solar panels. Most solar panels are set to output 12 volts.

The total amount of solar power produced by your system is based on what is called Peak Sun Hours. Peak Sun Hours represent the average amount of sun available per day throughout the year for your specific locality.

It is estimated that at "peak sun", 1000 W/m² of power reaches the surface of the earth. One hour of full sun provides 1000 Wh per m² = 1 kWh/m² - representing the solar energy received in one hour on a cloudless summer day on a one-square meter surface directed towards the sun.

The daily average of Peak Sun Hours is used for calculation purposes in the design of the system. To see the average Peak Sun Hours for your area in the United States, go to the solar power calculator at http://www.mysolarsecret.com/solar-power-calculator.html and select the city nearest you under the wording "Select the city nearest you for the number of hours per day of sun" about half way down the page. Follow your eyes across the webpage to the box on the right side of the screen to see the Peak Sun Hours for your area.

Components You Will Need In Your Solar Power System

The four primary components for producing electricity using solar power, which provides common 120 volt AC power for daily use are: Solar panels, charge controller, battery and inverter. Solar panels charge the battery, and the charge regulator insures proper charging of the battery. The battery provides DC voltage to the inverter, and the inverter converts the DC voltage to normal AC voltage.

Solar Panels

The output of a solar panel is usually stated in watts, and the wattage is determined by multiplying the rated voltage by the rated amperage. The formula for wattage is VOLTS times AMPS equals WATTS. So for example, a 12 volt 60 watt solar panel measuring about 20 X 44 inches has a rated voltage of 17.1 and a rated 3.5 amperage.

V x A = W
17.1 volts times 3.5 amps equals 60 watts

If an average of 6 hours of peak sun per day is available in an area, then the above solar panel can produce an average 360 watt hours of power per day; 60w times 6 hrs. = 360 watt-hours. Since the intensity of sunlight contacting the solar panel varies throughout the day, we use the term "peak sun hours" as a method to smooth out the variations into a daily average. Early morning and late-in-the-day sunlight produces less power than the mid-day sun. Naturally, cloudy days will produce less power than bright sunny days as well. When planning a system your geographical area is rated in average peak sun hours per day based on yearly sun data. Average peak sun hours for various geographical areas is listed on the solar power calculator webpage at http://www.mysolarsecret.com/solar-power-calculator.html

Solar Panels For Sale

25 Watt Folding Solar Panel

15 watt Solar Panel

10 WATT SOLAR PANEL FRAMED

15 WATT SOLAR PANEL FRAMED

25 WATT SOLAR PANEL FRAMED

Solar Panel 18-Watt 12-Volt Deep-Cycle Battery Charger

Solar 18-Watt 12-Volt Charger

13 Watt General Purpose Solar Module

Bird-X - SOLPAN2-CRTTR - CritterBlaster Pro Solar Power Panel Accessory - Black - 37 L x 15 W in.

ROOF/GABLE SOLAR PANEL (Ventamatic VXSOLARPANEL)

Sunsei SE-16000 Solar 260-Watt 16.5-Volt Charger

Sunsei SE-24000 Solar 400-Watt 16.5-Volt Charger

Sunsei SE-4000 Solar 65-Watt 16.5-Volt Charger

Sunforce 15-watt Solar Charger with 7-amp Charge Controller

60 Watt Solar Panel with 7 Amp Charge Controller, Model# 37015

10 Watt Black Frame Mono-crystalline Solar Panel and Battery Charger

20 Watt Black Frame Mono-crystalline Solar Panel and Battery Charger

40 Watt Black Frame Mono-crystalline Solar Panel and Battery Charger

Learn About Wiring Solar Panels And Batteries

There are three types of wiring configurations that are relatively easy to learn. Once mastered, the job of wiring batteries or solar modules becomes easy as pie. The three configurations are:

Series wiring
Parallel wiring
And a combination of the two known simply as series/parallel wiring.

Solar panels can be wired in series or in parallel to increase voltage or amperage respectively, and they can be wired both in series and in parallel to increase both volts and amps. Series wiring refers to connecting the positive terminal of one panel to the negative terminal of another. The resulting outer positive and negative terminals will produce voltage the sum of the two panels, but the amperage stays the same as one panel. So three 12 volt/3.5 amp panels wired in series produces 36 volts at 3.5 amps. Four of these wired in series would produce 48 volts at 3.5 amps.

Wiring Solar Panels In Series

To wire any device in series you must connect the positive terminal of one device to the negative terminal of the next device.

Wiring Solar Panels In Parallel

Parallel wiring refers to connecting positive terminals to positive terminals and negative to negative. The result is that voltage stays the same, but amperage becomes the sum of the number of panels. So three 12 volt/3.5 amp panels wired in parallel would produce 12 volts at 10.5 amps. Four panels would produce 12 volts at 14 amps.

Wiring Solar Panels In Series and Parallel

Series/parallel wiring refers to doing both of the above - increasing volts and amps to achieve the desired voltage as in 24 or 48 volt systems.

You might be asking why in the world would someone want to put them self through wiring both in series and in parallel? Let's say that you want to increase the Amp hour rating of a battery pack so that you could run your appliances longer but you needed to wire the pack in such a way as to keep the battery pack at 12 volts, or you want to increase the charging capacity of your solar array but you needed to wire the solar modules in such a way as to keep the solar array at 34 volts, well, series/parallel wiring is the only way to do that.

Charge Controller

A charge controller monitors the battery's state-of-charge to insure that when the battery needs charge-current it gets it, and also protects the battery from being over-charged. Connecting a solar panel to a battery without a regulator seriously risks damaging the battery and can cause a hazard.

Charge controllers (or often called charge regulator) are rated based on the amount of amperage they can process from a solar array. If a controller is rated at 20 amps it means that you can connect up to 20 amps of solar panel output current to this one controller. The most advanced charge controllers utilize a charging principal referred to as Pulse-Width-Modulation (PWM) - which insures the most efficient battery charging and extends the life of the battery. Even more advanced controllers also include Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) which maximizes the amount of current going into the battery from the solar array by lowering the panel's output voltage, which increases the charging amps to the battery - because if a panel can produce 60 watts with 17.2 volts and 3.5 amps, then if the voltage is lowered to say 14 volts then the amperage increases to 4.28 (14v X 4.28 amps = 60 watts) resulting in a 19% increase in charging amps for this example.

Many charge controllers also offer Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD) and Battery Temperature Compensation (BTC) as an optional feature. The LVD feature permits connecting loads to the LVD terminals which are then voltage sensitive. If the battery voltage drops too far the loads are disconnected - preventing potential damage to both the battery and the loads. BTC adjusts the charge rate based on the temperature of the battery since batteries are sensitive to temperature variations above and below about 75 F degrees.

Charge Controllers For Sale

Solar Charge Controller for solar/wind generator/Wind Turbine - 45 amps

Solar Charge Controller for solar/wind generators - 60 amps

Solar Controller 12-Volt Battery Charge Monitor

10 Amp Solar Charge Controller

15-watt Solar Charger with 7-amp Charge Controller

4.5 amp 12 volt Solar Charge Controller Regulator by Morningstar

4 Amp solar charge controller - CDT-C4 regulator 12V #35004

20 Amp Solar Charge Controller with Digital Display

Sunsei SE-CC25000 25 Amp Solar Charge Controller

60 Watt Solar Panel with 7 Amp Charge Controller, Model# 37015

Sunforce Digital Charge Controller - 10 Amp, Model# 600311

Xantrex Charge Controller for DC Charging Sources - 40 Amp, Model# C40

Xantrex Charge Controller for DC Charging Sources - 35 Amp, Model# C35

Xantrex Charge Controller for DC Charging Sources - 60 Amp, Model# C60

I hope you are well on your way to designing your own homemade solar power system from reading this article. If you need additional help in the form of an easy, step-by-step guide on exactly what parts you need to buy and how to connect the parts together see the top two solar panel how to guides that I reviewed at http://www.mysolarsecret.com

Battery

The Deep Cycle batteries used are designed to be discharged and then re-charged hundreds or thousands of times. These batteries are rated in Amp Hours (ah) - usually at 20 hours and 100 hours. Amp hours refers to the amount of current - in amps - which can be supplied by the battery over the period of hours. For example, a 350ah battery could supply 17.5 continuous amps over 20 hours or 35 continuous amps for 10 hours. To quickly express the total watts potentially available in a 6 volt 360ah battery; 360ah times the nominal 6 volts equals 2160 watts or 2.16kWh (kilowatt-hours). Like solar panels, batteries are wired in series and/or parallel to increase voltage to the desired level and increase amp hours.

The battery should have sufficient amp hour capacity to supply needed power during the longest expected period "no sun" or extremely cloudy conditions. A lead-acid battery should be sized at least 20% larger than this amount. If there is a source of back-up power, such as a standby generator along with a battery charger, the battery bank does not have to be sized for worst case weather conditions.

The size of the battery bank required will depend on the storage capacity required, the maximum discharge rate, the maximum charge rate, and the minimum temperature at which the batteries will be used. During planning, all of these factors are looked at, and the one requiring the largest capacity will dictate the battery size.

Deep Cycle Batteries For Sale

Basement Watchdog Deep Cycle Battery (30HDC140S)

Glen Tronics B-1000 Standby Deep Cycle Battery

Glen Tronics B-2200 Standby Deep Cycle Battery

MK Deep Cycle Gel Cell 12 Volt Battery for Backup Sump Pumps

Powerstar 12V 33AH Group U1 Deep Cycle Sealed Battery

Optima Blue Top D34M High-Power Deep-Cycle Battery (870CA)

Optima Dual Post 750 CCA Deep Cycle Marine Battery

Inverter

An inverter is a device which changes DC power stored in a battery to standard 120/240 VAC electricity (also referred to as 110/220). Most solar power systems generate DC current which is stored in batteries. Nearly all lighting, appliances, motors, etc., are designed to use ac power, so it takes an inverter to make the switch from battery-stored DC to standard power (120 VAC, 60 Hz).

In an inverter, direct current (DC) is switched back and forth to produce alternating current (AC). Then it is transformed, filtered, stepped, etc. to get it to an acceptable output waveform. The more processing, the cleaner and quieter the output, but the lower the efficiency of the conversion. The goal becomes to produce a waveform that is acceptable to all loads without sacrificing too much power into the conversion process.

Inverters come in two basic output designs - sine wave and modified sine wave. Most 120VAC devices can use the modified sine wave, but there are some notable exceptions. Devices such as laser printers which use triacs and/or silicon controlled rectifiers are damaged when provided mod-sine wave power. Motors and power supplies usually run warmer and less efficiently on mod-sine wave power. Some things, like fans, amplifiers, and cheap fluorescent lights, give off an audible buzz on modified sine wave power. However, modified sine wave inverters make the conversion from DC to AC very efficiently. They are relatively inexpensive, and many of the electrical devices we use every day work fine on them.

Sine wave inverters can virtually operate anything. Your utility company provides sine wave power, so a sine wave inverter is equal to or even better than utility supplied power. A sine wave inverter can "clean up" utility or generator supplied power because of its internal processing.

Inverters are made with various internal features and many permit external equipment interface. Common internal features are internal battery chargers which can rapidly charge batteries when an AC source such as a generator or utility power is connected to the inverter's INPUT terminals. Auto-transfer switching is also a common internal feature which enables switching from either one AC source to another and/or from utility power to inverter power for designated loads. Battery temperature compensation, internal relays to control loads, automatic remote generator starting/stopping and many other programmable features are available.

Most inverters produce 120VAC, but can be equipped with a step-up transformer to produce 120/240VAC. Some inverters can be series or parallel "stacked-interfaced" to produce 120/240VAC or to increase the available amperage.

Inverters For Sale

Xantrex Technologies 851-0400 XPower Plus 400-Watt Inverter

Xantrex Technologies 851-0178 XPower 175-Watt Micro Inverter

Cobra CPI 475 400 Watt Power Inverter

Jensen JP30 300 Watt Power Inverter

Duracell DC to AC Pocket Power Source Inverter 175 Watt #813-0291-07

Cobra CPI 1575 3000 Watt 12 Volt DC to 120 Volt AC Power Inverter

Cobra CPI 875 1600 Watt 12 Volt DC to 120 Volt AC Power Inverter

Xantrex Technologies 851-0700 XPower Plus 700-Watt Inverter

Belkin F5C400-300W 2 Outlet Dc/Ac Inverter

Vector VEC024BCA 400-Watt Inverter with Case

XANTREX XPOWER POWERSOURCE MOBILE 100 852-0281

Xantrex Technologies 852-0400 XPower PowerSource 400-Watt Portable Inverter

Xantrex Technologies 852-2071 Xpower AC/DC Powerpack Solar With 400 Watt Inverter, Two AC Outlets, USB Port, And Digital Display

Xantrex Technologies 851-0401 XPower Plus 400-Watt Inverter

Tripp Lite PV375 PV 375W 12V DC to AC Portable Inverter with DC Auto Power Outlet

Tripp Lite PV150 PV 150W 12V DC to AC Portable Inverter with DC Auto Power Outlet

Duracell 852-0281-07 DC to AC 100 Watt Inverter & 4.0 Amp/Hour Lithium Ion Mobile Power Source

Cobra CPI 2575 5000 Watt 12 Volt DC to 120 Volt AC Power Inverter

Solar #PI4000X - 400 W Power inverter

I hope you are well on your way to designing your own homemade solar power system from reading this article. If you need additional help in the form of an easy, step-by-step guide on exactly what parts you need to buy and how to connect the parts together see the top two solar panel how to guides that I reviewed at http://www.mysolarsecret.com

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Electric Car Conversion


November 26th, 2008

If you have minimal mechanical skills, you can do your own gasoline to electric car conversion for about $7,000. This electric car has zero emissions and still has enough power to peal out or do 75 MPH on the highway. The car will go 40 miles on one charge, more than enough for local errands like driving to work, picking up the kids from school, or going grocery shopping. The lead-acid batteries in your battery bank need to be replaced about every 25,000 miles.

If electric vehicles are so easy to build, cheap to run, and fun to own, why are we all not driving them? Why have today's auto manufacturers abandoned electric vehicles in favor of hybrids which deliver less performance with greater complexity at a high price while still spitting out greenhouse gases from their tailpipes?

All you need to do an electric car conversion is eight 12-volt lead-acid deep cycle batteries, a forklift truck motor and controller, recharging module, DC-DC converter, mounting hardware, and drivetrain coupler. Total cost including batteries is $7,000 (see images below).

For the easiest, step-by-step instructions on the web go to http://www.mysolarsecret.com/electric-car/

electric car conversion

electric car conversion

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What are the right batteries for a wind generator and where can i find them?


November 21st, 2008

I am looking into building my own wind generator but I don't know the right batteries I should use. Any help would be appreciated.

You are looking for what are called deep cycle batteries, not car batteries. The difference between deep cycle batteries and car batteries is that deep cycle batteries contain solid lead and can withstand losing almost all of their charge and then be re-charged over and over again much better than car batteries. Car batteries will explode or just stop working when you run them down and charge them again about 10 times. As you can image, with solar panels connected to a battery bank, you need batteries that can be drawn down and then re-charged again hundreds of times.

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What is a good type of solar panel to get for my house?


October 24th, 2008

With the rising cost of my monthly power bill I have decided that I want to put a solar panel(s) on my roof. What parts do I need in addition to the solar panels? Solar power controller? Wires? How do I wire it into my home's electrical system and about how much electricity would I create and save each month? Would the panels pay for themselves over time? Any help you can provide will be much appreciated. Thank you!

You need solar panels. The solar panels plug into a controller so you need a controller. The controller plugs into a battery bank so you need deep cycle batteries. Your battery bank plugs into an inverter which converts the current into AC that can be used in your home so you need an inverter. That's pretty much it. You just basically buy these parts and plug them together. Of course you need mounting racks for your solar panels if you plan on putting them on your roof.

Whether the panels pay for themselves depends on how you finance them. If you do it the way that most people do by going through a professional solar power company, then you are looking at a price tag of about $20,000. With interest on the financing, it will take about 10 - 15 years before you reach the break even point.

If you build and install your own solar panel system, then the price is much cheaper. You can build a solar panel system for about $200. The more panels you use, that price goes up. But if you do it yourself it will pay for itself in a matter of months rather than years. There are a few really good guides on the market that will guide you through the process and tell you exactly how to get solar panels cheap, how to buy cheap recycled deep cycle batteries, and how to wire everything into your home's electrical system. You can see the top two guides reviewed by clicking here on this link solar panel how to guides.

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3 SOLAR PANEL DIY WIRING CONFIGURATION SOLAR POWER DIY MODIFIED SINE INVERTER PURE SINE INVERTER DEEP CYCLE 12 V


October 15th, 2008


Our friends at GreenPowerScience.com have released an excellent solar panel diy video. Dan Rojas explains some basic terminology and shows you what both small and large solar kits are capable of.

Dan shows you how he has 3 regular car batteries hooked up in parallel. He also has a 12 volt jumper battery hooked up in parallel to the 3 batteries for a total of 4 batteries in his battery bank.

You want to get battery leads from an auto supply store basically they are the same thing that you would hook it to your car with but they allow you to hook them in parallel.

By hooking these batteries in parallel, our voltage is still 12 volts, it doesn't change the voltage what it does is that all the batteries draw down equally.

For your house, you want to use a deep cycle battery. The fundamental difference between deep cycle batteries and regular car batteries is that car batteries have more surface area and they are designed to kick out a lot of amps so you can start your car. Deep cycle batteries are usually bigger and they are spaced out a little more. They still produce the same cranking amps but they produce a longer flow of energy. Car batteries, if you drain them all the way down and recharge them again, maybe 20 or 30 times, the battery will be ruined. Car batteries just can't handle that. Deep cycle batteries are designed to do exactly that, deep cycle. They are designed to be pulled all the way down and then charged back up.

Here is a company that makes cheap deep cycle batteries and sells them on Amazon:
Deep Cycle 12V Battery

Next you need an inverter. This inverter is a 750 watt inverter. What the inverters do is that they convert the direct current (DC) from the batteries into alternating current (AC) that you can use for your house. Now this is called a modified sin inverter. There are pure sin inverters out there which are actually much better because they give you better voltage flow. Modified sin inverters are generally a lot cheaper and you can get them in higher output models for the price. The major difference between a modified sin inverter and a pure sin inverter is that pure sin inverters produce a cleaner energy flow and they can run more complex things. With a modified sin inverter you can't run all digital clocks, also some computers have problems running off of them. If you are just running some lights off it or something like that, save your money and go with the modified sin inverter.

This appears to be one of the cheapest pure sin inverters on Amazon:
400-Watt Pure Inverter

Again, the inverter is hooked up to any one battery in your battery bank which is where it is getting its energy from.

Now a lot of my friends are buying an interesting solution that combines both the battery and the inverter into a single pack that is portable so that it can be moved around easily. Amazon sells this Xantrex all-in-one solution here:
Deep Cycle Battery With Built In Inverter

The solar panels are hooked up to a control which is then hooked up to any one of the batteries in your battery bank and they will charge all the batteries.

The best solar panel that you can buy that is weatherproof and has a 25 year warranty is here:
Solar Panel

Now if this top of the line solar panel is too expensive for you, don't worry. Northern Industrial makes a cheaper solar panel that still has a good 15 watt output. You can see it on Amazon here:
Northern Industrial High Wattage Solar Panels - 15 Watt

Note that we don't just hook the solar panels up to the batteries. Instead we hook the solar panels up to a controller. The purpose of the controller is to prevent overcharging of the batteries and also to let you know that the solar panels are doing their job of charging your batteries.

Here is a very popular 7 amp charge controller:
Sunforce 60012 7 Amp Charge Controller

Here is a bigger 30 amp charge controller:
Sunforce 60032 30 Amp Digital Charge Controller

If you are interested in a bundle pack that has everything, here is an inexpensive way to buy solar panels, a deep cycle battery, a controller, and an inverter on Amazon:
Solar Panel With Controller, Inverter, and Battery

For more great information and a review of the top solar panel diy guides, go to Solar Panel DIY Guides Reviewed and don't forget to watch the video below, cool stuff!

Duration : 0:9:28

Read the rest of this entry »

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